THE BLOOD SCANDAL

THE BLOOD SCANDAL

USA - CANADA - & Industrial and Developing Countries

HEPATITIS C

Excerpts from BIBLIOGRAPHY concerning the chronology of scientific knowledge on the subject.

1 - VOX SANGUINIS : International Journal of Blood Transfusion and Immuno haematology

Ø International Society of Blood Transfusion : Ch. SALMON, Paris - CNTS, (France), secretary general.

Ø Ligue des Sociétés de Croix Rouge (LRCS) : Z.S. HANTCHEF, Genève (Suisse), medical officer.

Ø Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (WHO) : G. TORRIGIANI, Genève (Suisse), acting chief, immunology.

a) Vox Sanguinis 1981 vol 41, p.116 A.-M. COUROUCÉ, PhD
Fondation - Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine.

... " However, screening for three hepatitis B virus markers is too expensive for the blood banks." ...

... " Transaminase level determinations... .Since no serological test is still available for non-A, non-B, the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) determination (associated with the AST/ALT ratio to exclude alcoholic liver disease) may be an interim indirect screening test to recognize carriers of the non-A, non-B agent (s) (1).".

(1) HOLLINGER F.B., ALTER H.J. : Summary of workshop B-6: Non-A / non-B hepatitis :
in Vyas, Cohen, Schmid, Viral hepatitis, p. 697-702 (Franklin Institute Press, Philadelphia 1978).

b) Vox Sanguinis 1983 vol 44 n°1 p. 62-64 B. CHATAING, J. DUCOS, SMILOVICI, C. TREPO
France : Lyon, Toulouse

..."ALT screening is perfectly standardized and can be tested automatically at a reasonable cost. ...

One additional merit of Post Transfusion Hepatitis studies is that one may no longer comfortably avoid the question of PTH prevention without guilt. We are forced to ask: how should we be using the information that
ALT screening can prevent at least half of PTH cases now ?...

Finally, lawyers may advise potential clients that it is anyway worth a suit."...

2 - R.D. AACH et al. Serum Alanine Aminotransferase of donors in relation to the risk of Non-A, Non-B
Hepatitis in recipients.

The Transfusion-Transmitted Viruses Study Group N. Engl. J. Med 1981; 304 p.989-94

3 - a) C.E. STEVENS and the Transfusion-Transmitted Viruses Study Group, New-York blood Center
Antibody to hepatitis B core antigen in donor blood and risks of non-A, non-B hepatitis in recipients.
Transfusion 1981; 21 p.607

b) G.N. VYAS, H.A. PERKINS : non-B post-transfusion hepatitis associated with hepatitis B core antibodies in donor blood.

..."Thus, the risk of non-A, non-B post-transfusion hepatitis associated with anti-HBc-positive blood is three times higher than that found with anti-HBc-negative blood and is not correlated with the alanine aminotransferase levels in donor blood."... N. Engl J. Med 1982 p.749 -750

4 - JULES L. DIENSTAG : Gastrointestinal Unit (Medical Services), Massachusetts General Hospital and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussets.

Non A, Non B Hepatitis II Experimental Transmission, Putative Virus Agents and Markers, and Prevention.

... "Prevention ... Nationally, this translates into prevention of ~100 000 cases each year.

Moreover, cost-effectiveness analysis shows that introdction of ALT sreening, if it could be accomplished at a cost of ~$ 2/unit, would be cost-saving. ...". ...
Gastroenterology 1983 ; 85 : 743-68 (Received December 16, 1982. Accepted April 1, 1983)

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